• TABLE OF CONTENT
    • the dreaming machine – issue number 17
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    • The dreaming machine n 17
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    Like a Dream Spinning Out of Control – Poems by Nina Sadeghi

    In memoriam: Elsa Mathews

    Imaginary Poets Boghos Üryanzade and The Pseudo-Melkon. From Neil P. Doherty’s The Stony Guests

    Under Regime and Other Stories – Gerald Fleming

    Kneading Language And Feelings in Palermo – Gianluca Asmundo’s Marionette Theater Poems

    Kneading Language And Feelings in Palermo – Gianluca Asmundo’s Marionette Theater Poems

    As a Lonely Boat Rushes Into a Storm: Selected Poems by Ndue Ukaj

    As a Lonely Boat Rushes Into a Storm: Selected Poems by Ndue Ukaj

    Like a Dream Spinning Out of Control – Poems by Nina Sadeghi

    Interview with a Clothesline and Other Poems – Nina Lindsay

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    Triptychs of Nocturnal Souls and Oceans – Malika Afilal

  • Fiction
    SKY – Julio Monteiro Martins

    SKY – Julio Monteiro Martins

    Turning Shell Casings Into Angels – Mihaela Šuman’s Gaza Project

    Excerpt from the novel “Ardesia” – Ruska Jorjoliani

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    Hope, People and a Tale of Fire – Prabuddha Ghosh, with a translator’s note by Rituparna Mukherjee

    Trimohinee, Chapter One – Kazi Rafi

    Trimohinee, Chapter One – Kazi Rafi

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    MIST IS A HOME’S VEST – Kabir Deb

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    An Hour Before – Appadurai Muttulingam

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    Five Short Pieces from Being Somebody Else – Lynne Knight

    As my eye meanders in nature – Photographs by Susan Aberg

    A Gilded Cage – Haroonuzzaman

    The Spanish Steps, Revisited: A Temporary Exhibition – A conversation with Sheila Pepe

    The Importance of Being Imperfect – Haroonuzzaman

  • Non Fiction
    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    Identity, Language and Nationalism in Spain and the U.S. – Clark Bouwman

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    Excess of Presence: Surveillance, Seizure, and Detention in Latine/a Literature & Film – Edward Avila

    Brokering The Link: In the Shadow of Many Mothers – Farah Ahamed 

    Brokering The Link: In the Shadow of Many Mothers – Farah Ahamed 

    Urban Alienation: Dhaka Through Literary Lenses – Haroonuzzaman

    Urban Alienation: Dhaka Through Literary Lenses – Haroonuzzaman

    I AM STILL HERE: It’s not a movie, it’s a hymn to democracy – Loretta Emiri

    I AM STILL HERE: It’s not a movie, it’s a hymn to democracy – Loretta Emiri

    Requiem for a Mattanza – Gia Marie Amella

    Requiem for a Mattanza – Gia Marie Amella

  • Interviews & reviews
    Sicilian Interviews: Nino Alba and the problem of the land – Gia Marie Amella

    Sicilian Interviews: Nino Alba and the problem of the land – Gia Marie Amella

    FROM VENICE TO AN ACADEMY AWARDS NOMINATION: ON  FRED KUDJO KUWORNU’S BLACK RENAISSANCE – Reginaldo Cerolini

    FROM VENICE TO AN ACADEMY AWARDS NOMINATION: ON FRED KUDJO KUWORNU’S BLACK RENAISSANCE – Reginaldo Cerolini

    Pulsing beneath the soil of Bengal -Review of Kazi Rafi’s novel Trimohinee – Nadira Bhabna

    Pulsing beneath the soil of Bengal -Review of Kazi Rafi’s novel Trimohinee – Nadira Bhabna

    Turning Shell Casings Into Angels – Mihaela Šuman’s Gaza Project

    Turning Shell Casings Into Angels – Mihaela Šuman’s Gaza Project

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    History Goes On, Let’s Stop and Breathe – Kithamerini interviews Tanya Maliarchuk

    Zarina Zabrisky’s KHERSON: HUMAN SAFARI, review by Pina Piccolo

    Zarina Zabrisky’s KHERSON: HUMAN SAFARI, review by Pina Piccolo

  • Out of bounds
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    • Fiction
    • Intersections
    • Interviews and reviews
    • Non fiction
    • Poetry
    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    Movement Class at the Holistic Institute – Carolyn Miller

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    Surveillance & Seizure under the Bio/Necropolitical (B)order of Power – Edward Avila

    I WOULD HAVE LIKED TO BE PATTI SMITH – Pina Piccolo

    I WOULD HAVE LIKED TO BE PATTI SMITH – Pina Piccolo

    Stefan Reiterer at Museum gegenstandsfreier Kunst – Camilla Boemio

    In-Flight – Clark Bouwman

    a pile of my dream notes (excerpted) – Andrew Choate

    a pile of my dream notes (excerpted) – Andrew Choate

    This Page Is An Occupied Territory – Adeena Karasick and Warren Lehrer

    This Page Is An Occupied Territory – Adeena Karasick and Warren Lehrer

    A Few Beasts from Brenda Porster’s Bilingual Collection ” La bambina e le bestie”

    A Few Beasts from Brenda Porster’s Bilingual Collection ” La bambina e le bestie”

    As my eye meanders in nature – Photographs by Susan Aberg

    In Defence of Disorder – Haroonuzzaman

  • News
    Waiting for Palms. A conversation with Peter Ydeen – Camilla Boemio

    WAITING FOR PALMS, Peter Ydeen at Lisi Gallery in Rome, through December 19

    Memorial Reading Marathon for Julio Monteiro Martins, Dec. 27, zoom live

    Memorial Reading Marathon for Julio Monteiro Martins, Dec. 27, zoom live

    PER/FORMATIVE CITIES

    PER/FORMATIVE CITIES

    HAIR IN THE WIND – Calling on poets to join international project in solidarity with the women of Iran

    HAIR IN THE WIND – Calling on poets to join international project in solidarity with the women of Iran

    THE DREAMING MACHINE ISSUE N. 11 WILL BE OUT ON DEC. 10

    THE DREAMING MACHINE ISSUE N. 11 WILL BE OUT ON DEC. 10

    RUCKSACK – GLOBAL POETRY PATCHWORK PROJECT

    RUCKSACK – GLOBAL POETRY PATCHWORK PROJECT

  • Home
  • Poetry
    Like a Dream Spinning Out of Control – Poems by Nina Sadeghi

    In memoriam: Elsa Mathews

    Imaginary Poets Boghos Üryanzade and The Pseudo-Melkon. From Neil P. Doherty’s The Stony Guests

    Under Regime and Other Stories – Gerald Fleming

    Kneading Language And Feelings in Palermo – Gianluca Asmundo’s Marionette Theater Poems

    Kneading Language And Feelings in Palermo – Gianluca Asmundo’s Marionette Theater Poems

    As a Lonely Boat Rushes Into a Storm: Selected Poems by Ndue Ukaj

    As a Lonely Boat Rushes Into a Storm: Selected Poems by Ndue Ukaj

    Like a Dream Spinning Out of Control – Poems by Nina Sadeghi

    Interview with a Clothesline and Other Poems – Nina Lindsay

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    Triptychs of Nocturnal Souls and Oceans – Malika Afilal

  • Fiction
    SKY – Julio Monteiro Martins

    SKY – Julio Monteiro Martins

    Turning Shell Casings Into Angels – Mihaela Šuman’s Gaza Project

    Excerpt from the novel “Ardesia” – Ruska Jorjoliani

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    Hope, People and a Tale of Fire – Prabuddha Ghosh, with a translator’s note by Rituparna Mukherjee

    Trimohinee, Chapter One – Kazi Rafi

    Trimohinee, Chapter One – Kazi Rafi

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    MIST IS A HOME’S VEST – Kabir Deb

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    An Hour Before – Appadurai Muttulingam

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    Five Short Pieces from Being Somebody Else – Lynne Knight

    As my eye meanders in nature – Photographs by Susan Aberg

    A Gilded Cage – Haroonuzzaman

    The Spanish Steps, Revisited: A Temporary Exhibition – A conversation with Sheila Pepe

    The Importance of Being Imperfect – Haroonuzzaman

  • Non Fiction
    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    Identity, Language and Nationalism in Spain and the U.S. – Clark Bouwman

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    Excess of Presence: Surveillance, Seizure, and Detention in Latine/a Literature & Film – Edward Avila

    Brokering The Link: In the Shadow of Many Mothers – Farah Ahamed 

    Brokering The Link: In the Shadow of Many Mothers – Farah Ahamed 

    Urban Alienation: Dhaka Through Literary Lenses – Haroonuzzaman

    Urban Alienation: Dhaka Through Literary Lenses – Haroonuzzaman

    I AM STILL HERE: It’s not a movie, it’s a hymn to democracy – Loretta Emiri

    I AM STILL HERE: It’s not a movie, it’s a hymn to democracy – Loretta Emiri

    Requiem for a Mattanza – Gia Marie Amella

    Requiem for a Mattanza – Gia Marie Amella

  • Interviews & reviews
    Sicilian Interviews: Nino Alba and the problem of the land – Gia Marie Amella

    Sicilian Interviews: Nino Alba and the problem of the land – Gia Marie Amella

    FROM VENICE TO AN ACADEMY AWARDS NOMINATION: ON  FRED KUDJO KUWORNU’S BLACK RENAISSANCE – Reginaldo Cerolini

    FROM VENICE TO AN ACADEMY AWARDS NOMINATION: ON FRED KUDJO KUWORNU’S BLACK RENAISSANCE – Reginaldo Cerolini

    Pulsing beneath the soil of Bengal -Review of Kazi Rafi’s novel Trimohinee – Nadira Bhabna

    Pulsing beneath the soil of Bengal -Review of Kazi Rafi’s novel Trimohinee – Nadira Bhabna

    Turning Shell Casings Into Angels – Mihaela Šuman’s Gaza Project

    Turning Shell Casings Into Angels – Mihaela Šuman’s Gaza Project

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    History Goes On, Let’s Stop and Breathe – Kithamerini interviews Tanya Maliarchuk

    Zarina Zabrisky’s KHERSON: HUMAN SAFARI, review by Pina Piccolo

    Zarina Zabrisky’s KHERSON: HUMAN SAFARI, review by Pina Piccolo

  • Out of bounds
    • All
    • Fiction
    • Intersections
    • Interviews and reviews
    • Non fiction
    • Poetry
    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    Movement Class at the Holistic Institute – Carolyn Miller

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    (Their) STORY (is Ours) – séamas carraher

    Surveillance & Seizure under the Bio/Necropolitical (B)order of Power – Edward Avila

    I WOULD HAVE LIKED TO BE PATTI SMITH – Pina Piccolo

    I WOULD HAVE LIKED TO BE PATTI SMITH – Pina Piccolo

    Stefan Reiterer at Museum gegenstandsfreier Kunst – Camilla Boemio

    In-Flight – Clark Bouwman

    a pile of my dream notes (excerpted) – Andrew Choate

    a pile of my dream notes (excerpted) – Andrew Choate

    This Page Is An Occupied Territory – Adeena Karasick and Warren Lehrer

    This Page Is An Occupied Territory – Adeena Karasick and Warren Lehrer

    A Few Beasts from Brenda Porster’s Bilingual Collection ” La bambina e le bestie”

    A Few Beasts from Brenda Porster’s Bilingual Collection ” La bambina e le bestie”

    As my eye meanders in nature – Photographs by Susan Aberg

    In Defence of Disorder – Haroonuzzaman

  • News
    Waiting for Palms. A conversation with Peter Ydeen – Camilla Boemio

    WAITING FOR PALMS, Peter Ydeen at Lisi Gallery in Rome, through December 19

    Memorial Reading Marathon for Julio Monteiro Martins, Dec. 27, zoom live

    Memorial Reading Marathon for Julio Monteiro Martins, Dec. 27, zoom live

    PER/FORMATIVE CITIES

    PER/FORMATIVE CITIES

    HAIR IN THE WIND – Calling on poets to join international project in solidarity with the women of Iran

    HAIR IN THE WIND – Calling on poets to join international project in solidarity with the women of Iran

    THE DREAMING MACHINE ISSUE N. 11 WILL BE OUT ON DEC. 10

    THE DREAMING MACHINE ISSUE N. 11 WILL BE OUT ON DEC. 10

    RUCKSACK – GLOBAL POETRY PATCHWORK PROJECT

    RUCKSACK – GLOBAL POETRY PATCHWORK PROJECT

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Pulsing beneath the soil of Bengal -Review of Kazi Rafi’s novel Trimohinee – Nadira Bhabna

December 10, 2025
in Interviews and reviews, The dreaming machine n 17
Pulsing beneath the soil of Bengal -Review of Kazi Rafi’s novel Trimohinee – Nadira Bhabna
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Chapter One of the novel can be found in the Fiction section of this issue. Cover image is by artist Dhruba Eash.

In the 8th century BCE, through the confluence of the Andhra, Shabar, Pulinda, and Muthib communities, the Pundras emerged as a distinct society, bearers of an ancient civilization whose echoes still pulse beneath the soil of Bengal. From the shadow of that forgotten heritage arises Trimohinee, a novel that journeys through myth and history to trace how the legacy of the Pundra civilization flows into the Language Movement and the Liberation War of Bangladesh.

In newly independent Bangladesh, a storyteller lowers the wick of his hurricane lamp, casting a golden hush over the people of Trimohinee as his voice weaves its spell. And in another time, a post-liberation novelist builds a web of words within the minds of two women — one he loves, the other he needs, to recover the sole surviving manuscript of his lost novel. Astonishingly, within both generations of storytellers dwells the same spirit: a mysterious princess named Mahzabeen.

Who, then, is Mahzabeen? A symbol of human continuity, of timeless consciousness? The embodiment of storytelling itself, that invisible current flowing through generations, binding the past and the present in the shared rhythm of imagination? Through her, Kazi Rafi captures the whispering essence of an age, a sacred impulse that makes the storyteller a vessel of eternity.

Among the people still living near the cradle of the Bengali language, the influence of that ancient Pundra world endures in their speech, their soil, their soul. In Mahzabeen’s fierce longing to uphold her mother tongue, we hear the echo of Emperor Ashoka’s exile of the Arya people and the defiance of Trimohinee’s own resistance to Pakistani aggression. It was a rebellion not of weapons, but of words, of rebuilding inner worlds through the transforming power of story.

The storyteller Shubhro, too, is more than a man — he is a symbol of the human mind itself, bearing within him the far-reaching magic of narrative and its ability to shape the unseen.

In Trimohinee, history is not a backdrop; it is a living current. Through its layered narration and stream-of-consciousness flow, Kazi Rafi allows his characters to drift and collide, revealing the psychic undercurrents of an era: its solitude, its revolt, its aching need to belong somewhere between destiny and desire. The prose is both ancient and immediate, echoing the pulse of memory and the restlessness of a land that has dreamed too deeply.

Nature in Trimohinee is never mere ornament. It is elemental; the earth itself remembering. Perhaps that is why the novel feels inseparable from Bengal’s soil, from the eternal rhythm of rain and river, from the heartbeat of a people who live in words as they live in dreams.

The novel’s vast canvas is populated by historical and mythical figures such as Gautama Buddha, Emperor Ashoka, King Jayapida, Kamala the dancer, and Mohini, maid to the courtesan Man Bai. Their lives woven into the evolving consciousness of a nation. With the precision of a historian and the tenderness of a poet, Kazi Rafi transforms history, geography, and tradition into a living mythology.

As Márquez created a magical Macondo from the real world, Rafi creates the reverse: an imagined Trimohinee that casts its shadow upon reality itself.

Trimohinee is not merely a historical novel; it is a river of consciousness, carrying within it the sediments of time, pain, and beauty. Its language breathes — sometimes fierce, sometimes tender — always alive, always searching.

Resonating with words drawn from the purest depths of human emotion, Trimohinee stands as more than fiction: it is a powerful testament, a mirror of the Bengali soul, and an enduring symbol of our collective memory.

As the author himself once wrote, “Love is not possible without immersion.”  And in Trimohinee, immersion becomes the very language of love.

Nadira Bhabna, from Kuliarchar, Kishoreganj, is a passionate literary enthusiast, translator, and cultural connoisseur with Honours and a Master’s degree in English Literature from the University of Dhaka. Deeply attuned to the subtleties of language, she brings original texts to life with fidelity to the author’s voice, preserving the humor, rhythm, and spirit while adding cultural nuance for readers to savor. She has knowledge of French and is a member of the English Translation and Review Committee at the Kabi Nazrul Institute. Nadira has several published translations to her credit and is also an accomplished orator and experienced anchor, lending her an intuitive sense of rhythm, tone, and storytelling that enriches her translation work.

Tags: BangladeshhealerIndigenous communitiesKazi RafiNadira BhabnaNovel reviewPundra civilizationstorytellingTrimohinee
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Waiting for Palms. A conversation with Peter Ydeen – Camilla Boemio
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WAITING FOR PALMS, Peter Ydeen at Lisi Gallery in Rome, through December 19

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    • the dreaming machine – issue number 17
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